The female deposits the eggs in hollow logs, rock crevices and other sites where they are likely protected from drying and high temperatures (Fritts & Leasman-Tanner 2001). & Vice, D.L. Known introduced range: The population on Guam is the only confirmed breeding population outside of its native range (Stanford & Rodda 2007). Recovery Plan for the Nosa Luta or Rota Bridled White-eye (Zosterops rotensis). Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Loope, Lloyd L.; Howarth, Francis G.; Kraus, Frederick; Pratt, Thane K. Newly emergent and future threats of alien species to Pacific birds and ecosystems. Ecology 68: 660-668. Envenomation of babies has been reported as relatively frequent (Fritts et al. Population trends of Mariana Crow Corvus kubaryi on rota, commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Bird Conservation International. They shelter in tree hollows or hollow logs, rock crevices, caves and occasionally under stones.

The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. 2002. September 2002. 71(7). Food in captivity: All snakes in captivity must be fed dead food. https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-10-01/pdf/2015-24443.pdf, CABI, Undated. Savidge, J. Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742.

US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2009. Impacts of the Brown Tree Snake: Patterns of Decline and Species Persistence in Guam’s Avifauna. This snake is known for being an invasive species, responsible for killing the bird population on Guam . & Qualls, F.J. 2004.

2004. September 1, 2002. Pacific Science 46: 46-57.

The female produces four to 12 oblong eggs, 42 to 47 mm long and 18 to 22 mm wide; they have a leathery shell and often adhere together after the shells dry (Fritts & Leasman-Tanner 2001). Biological Conservation 141(8): 2146-2154. Large distinctive python with small fragmented head shields. Campbell, Steven R. , Mackessy, Stephen P. ; Clarke, Jennifer A. Microhabitat use by Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis): Effects of moonlight and prey Journal of Herpetology. Savidge, J.A. Fagerstone., 2007. Pesticides should always be used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product's label. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra. 2009c, Pteropus mariannus mariannus (Mariana fruit bat), US Fish and Wildlife Service, Christy, Michelle T.; Clark, Craig S. [Author]; Gee, David E. II; Vice, Diane; Vice, Daniel S.; Warner, Mitchell P.; Tyrrell, Claudine L.; Rodda, Gordon H.; Savidge, Fulie A.. 2008.

Cool temperatures elicit reproduction in a biologically invasive predator, the brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis). Qualls, Fiona J.; Qualls, Carl P. A simple method of sterilizing male snakes: A potential aid in preventing the spread of brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) from Guam. Wiles, Gary J.. Records of communal roosting in Mariana Crows Wilson Bulletin. House panel to vet bill on invasive snakes. The Brown Tree Snake can be found in a wide range of habitats: rainforests, mangroves, wet and dry sclerophyll forests, paperbark swamps, coastal heaths and seasonally dry tropical woodlands. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 49:93-100. Thus, high prey abundances may depress snake trapping success.

From an adaptive perspective, one would expect males to be able to take advantage of mating opportunities at whatever time of year they encounter a receptive female.

Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. The vinyl barrier is durable, but the surface finish may degrade over time (surface finish keeps a snake from climbing the barrier). http://www.afpmb.org/docs/bts/TAB%20B%20BTS%20REPORT%20TO%20CONGRESS%20Aug%20FINAL.pdf, USDA National Agricultural Library., 2008.

469-483. 1998. & Engeman, R.M. Fritts, T.H. Masonry material is a pre-stressed moulded concrete design that is 100% successful in repelling snakes, impervious to rat and typhoon damage and has a fairly high initial cost (about USD 300 per meter). Bird Behavior 16(1-2): 1-6. The Brown Tree Snake Factsheet. Conservation Biology 23: 992-1000. 56(1). Heating can be provided with a heat tile, mat or cord to maintain a ground surface temperature of 32°C in the hot spot. Stanford J W, Rodda G H, 2007. 2000. Sentinel traps have been placed within port areas in the Northern Mariana Islands to assist detection and capture of arriving brown tree snakes (Stanford &. 216-220. Micronesica 37: 177. Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Amar, Arjun; Janeke, Dustin. 33(3).

It is responsible for one of every thousand hospital emergency room visits on the island (United States Department of Defense 2008).

22(3). Queensland, Australia. Gotte, S.W. 15(2). The costs due to direct damages and lost productivity are conservatively estimated at $1 to 4 million dollars each year (Fritts & Leasman-Tanner 2001; Fritts 2002). Hurley., Larry Clark., 2001. Daniel S. Vice Mikel E. High levels of transportation with regional and external locations greatly increases the threat of the brown tree snake being transported from Guam to new locations (Stanford & Rodda 2007).Pet/aquarium trade: Intentional importation may be a relatively minor pathway for brown tree snake dispersal as it makes a poor pet, being drab, secretive and prone to biting (Stanford & Rodda 2007). June, 2001. Rodda, Y. Sawai, D. Chiszar & H. Tanaka (Eds. Predation of brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) in Australia International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation.

Large Logs and vines can be used within the enclosure to provide climbing enrichment. 93-100. 10(4). Plentovich, Sheldon; Morton, John M.; Bart, Jonathan; Camp, Richard J.; Lusk, Michael; Johnson, Nathan; Vanderwerf, Eric.

Fort Collins, Colorado, USA: USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center.

1998. The Brown Treesnake Rapid Response Team.

249-256. Brown tree snakes e?ectively removed from a large plot of land on Guam by perimeter trapping. 2008). In: Recovery Plan for the Nightingale Reed-warbler, Acrocephalus luscinia : US Fish and Wildlife Service.62 pp. The brown tree snake is very distinctive because of its large head with bulging eyes and its long slender body. 107-111. Savidge, Julie A.; Qualls, Fiona J.; Rodda, Gordon H. Reproductive biology of the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis (Reptilia : Colubridae), during colonization of Guam and comparison with that in their native range Pacific Science. Switzerland and Cambridge. Condor 90: 478-482. 1987. Prey become more numerous in areas depleted of snakes and therefore any snake present inside an otherwise snake-free area has the option of either capturing abundant prey or entering a trap to get food. 2002.

Vice, D.S., Engeman, R.M. To cite this page: Environment & Energy Daily. & Vice, D.L. Skinks such as Emoia caeruleocauda and Carlia ailanpalai (itself an invasive species) and geckos such as Lepidodactylus lugubris and Hemidactylus frenatus (which are very abundant in human commensal areas) serve as a superabundant food source for juvenile brown tree snakes in Guam.

http://www.issg.org/database, Stanford JW, Rodda GH, 2007. 175-217. Boiga irregularis (brown tree snake); adult snake in typical posture. Terrarium’s must be lockable and escape proof. December 2004. The distributional patterns of reptiles and amphibians in the Mariana Islands. Species profiles: Brown Tree snake http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/bts.shtml, USDA-APHIS (United States Department of Agriculture - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services). Vice., 2001a. In: Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species: Proceedings of an international symposium [Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species: Proceedings of an international symposium. 61(2). More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. In: Guam Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillatus conspicillatus). 2007. Gee II, David E., pers. Ambient heat can be provided with an infrared heat globe to maintain a daytime temperature of 36°C in the warm end and 25°C in the cool end, on warmer days you may not need to turn on the heat globe as the ambient temperature of the enclosure may already be high enough. In: Global Invasive Species Database (GISD), Auckland, New Zealand: University of Auckland. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Shivik., Gary C. In: Federal Register , 80(190) : US Fish and Wildlife Service.59424-59497.

The Animal Diversity Web (online). Aerial delivery of baits to brown treesnakes.

Native range: The brown treesnake is native to eastern Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands and the coastal areas of northern and eastern Australia (Savidge 1987, Rodda et al.

It is also found in human-modified environments, such as deforested land, grassland and croplands (coffee, rice, rubber, coconut, tea and maize cultivations). 2005b.

(R.O. High densities of introduced vertebrates, in particular, the gecko H. frenatus have allowed the snake to attain the high densities seen there (Rodda Fritts & Conry 1992). UK. US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2009. 284-287. On average they will have 1-2 food items every 7-10 days. Brown treesnake update. 1990).

Risks to infants on Guam from bites of the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis). A. In G.W. Snake breeders report that male snakes in general avoid eating while they are in reproductive condition (N. Ford Pers. 1994; Fritts et al. ).

many of the scales are slightly edged with black or patches of black skin between the scales. Data, Aldridge 1996 1998, Rodda et al. One puzzling result of brown tree snake reproductive studies is that reproductively active males appear to be relatively rare; this is surprising, because female reproductive activity occurs at all times of year in brown treesnakes (F. J. Qualls & C. P. Qualls Unpub. JUL 2005. Recent snake sightings in the Mariana Islands. The brown tree snake will eat frogs, lizards, small mammals, birds and birds' eggs. Aldridge, Robert D. Arackal, Anna A. In part of its native range in Indonesia, it is found in tropical evergreen forests, montane forests, lowland tropical forests, mangroves, montane savanna, wet savanna, seasonal dry forests and closed shrubland. 1998). Human Health: This rear-fanged colubrid snake is mildly venomous and poses a potential health hazard to infants and young children. The head is considerably wider than the neck. Engeman, Richard M.; Vice, Daniel S.; York, Darryl; Gruver, Kenneth S. Sustained evaluation of the effectiveness of detector dogs for locating brown tree snakes in cargo outbound from Guam International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 36pp. 185-187. 36(17). Journal of Environmental Management. many of the scales are slightly edged with black or patches of black skin between the scales.

2007, http://www.feral.org.au/feral_documents/PC12803.pdf, http://www.fort.usgs.gov/resources/education/bts/bts_home.asp, http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=174206, http://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/nwrc/publications/02pubs/shiv022.pdf, http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/species.php?genus=Boiga&species=irregularis, http://www.afpmb.org/docs/bts/TAB%20B%20BTS%20REPORT%20TO%20CONGRESS%20Aug%20FINAL.pdf, http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/animals/bts.shtml, http://www.aphis.usda.gov/publications/wildlife_damage/content/printable_version/fs_wsbtsnake.pdf, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.



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