Dissected - with narrow divisions finely subdivided into many smaller segments. Spoon-shaped; having a broad flat end which tapers to the base, Somewhat blunted, neither blunt nor sharp. Share. New York, NY 10024-5102 An example would be a. Having an elongated form with slightly parallel sides, roughly rectangular. In descriptions of multiple leaves, the neuter plural is used, e.g. Various authors or field workers might come to incompatible conclusions, or might try to compromise by qualifying terms so vaguely that a description of a particular plant practically loses its value.

Reserve your timed-entry tickets. How many other trees can you find with this same type of leaf? Palmatifid - (palmately divided) with lobes cut palmately ¾ to almost completely to the midrib. Triangular, wedge-shaped, stem attaches to point. Incised - jagged margins cut sharply and deeply. The same cautions might apply to "caudate", "cuspidate", and "mucronate", or to "crenate", "dentate", and "serrate".

Ciliate - with hairs projecting out from the leaf margin. Now open! Double serrate - coarsely serrate margin with smaller teeth on the margins of larger teeth. For example, leaves on pines may grow in clusters of two, three, or more. Long and very narrow like a blade of grass. Oval, egg-shaped, with a tapering point and the widest portion near the petiole. Ending abruptly in a small sharp point as a continuation of the midrib. Edge and margin are interchangeable in the sense that they both refer to the outside perimeter of a leaf.

Tapering to a long point in a concave manner. Ciliate - with hairs projecting out from the leaf margin. Fiddle-shaped; obovate with a constriction near the middle. Leaves may be simple (a single leaf blade or lamina) or compound (with several leaflets). Undulate - margins with shallow indentations, wavy in a vertical plane. Authors often use terms arbitrarily, or coin them to taste, possibly in ignorance of established terms, and it is not always clear whether because of ignorance, or personal preference, or because usages change with time or context, or because of variation between specimens, even specimens from the same plant. Pointed, having a short sharp apex angled less than 90°. Another characteristic to identify a tree is the way its leaves are arranged on the twigs. With a sharp, elongated, rigid tip; tipped with a cusp. Sinuate - margins with shallow wavy indentations, cut 1/16 to ? Denticulate - margins with small pointed teeth directed outward, perpendicular to the midrib, diminutive of dentate. In descriptions of a single leaf, the neuter singular ending of the adjective is used, e.g. Leaves both small and large can represent many of the margins covered. Having ear-shaped appendages reaching beyond the attachment to the petiole or to the stem (in case of a seated leaf). The following is a defined list of terms which are used to describe leaf morphology in the description and taxonomy of plants. folium lanceolatum 'lanceolate leaf', folium lineare 'linear leaf'. The New Leaf project is a joint study started in 2018 by Foundations for Social Change, a Vancouver-based charitable organization, and the University of British Columbia. This page presents the terminology used to describe the shapes and forms of leaves. Teardrop-shaped, stem attaches to the tapering end; reversed ovate. Having lobes with incisions that extend less than half-way toward the midrib. Leaf margins of simple leaves may be lobed in one of two patterns, pinnate or palmate. Involute - with margins rolled inward on the upper surface of the leaf. For example, it seems altogether reasonable to define a mucro as "a small sharp point as a continuation of the midrib", but it may not be clear how small is small enough, how sharp is sharp enough, how hard the point must be, and what to call the point when one cannot tell whether the leaf has a midrib at all. foliis ovatis 'with ovate leaves'.[7]. Having lobes pinnately arranged on the central axis. Leaf margins are cut sharply and irregularly. Read more about health and safety. Crenate - margins with shallow rounded or blunt teeth. Pectinate - pinnately divided into fine, parallel segments, comb- or feather-like. Asymmetrical leaf base, with one side lower than the other. Leaf margins (edges) are frequently used in visual plant identification because they are usually consistent within a species or group of species, and are an easy characteristic to observe. Leaf Margins: Incised. Spinescent - (also spinose) with stiff acuminate spines along the blade margin. All are from flowering plants (angiosperms). The Description of Leaves, University of Rochester, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_leaf_morphology&oldid=982175207, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Having two leaflets, each leaflet being bifoliolate, With three components, each with three leaflets, Consisting of leaflets all radiating from one point, Having two rows of leaflets on opposite sides of a central axis, see, Leaf blade in one continuous section, without leaflets (not compound), Pinnately compound in which each leaflet is itself bipinnate. Leaf structure is described by several terms that include: Being one of the more visible features, leaf shape is commonly used for plant identification.

Leaves may also be folded or rolled in various ways. For example, whether to call leaves on the same tree "acuminate", "lanceolate", or "linear" could depend on individual judgement, or which part of the tree one collected them from.

Directions, ticket info, and visitor tips. Leaves may be simple, with a single leaf blade, or compound, with several leaflets. Very deeply lobed, the lobes being very drawn out, often making the leaf look somewhat like a branch or a pitchfork. With a single leaflet. Leaf margins are classified by the type of edging that may be lobed, smooth, or toothed. Another problem is to establish definitions that meet all cases or satisfy all authorities and readers. If the leaves are initially folded in the bud, but later unrolls it is called vernation, ptyxis is the folding of an individual leaf in a bud. Revolute - with margins rolled inward on the lower surface of the leaf. Collect . Circular in cross-section; more or less cylindrical without grooves or ridges. In pinnately lobed margins the leaf blade (lamina) is indented equally deep along each side of the midrib (as in the white oak , Quercus alba ), and in palmately lobed margins the lamina is indented along several major veins (as in the red maple , Acer rubrum ). Leaf margins (edges) are frequently used in visual plant identification because they are usually consistent within a species or group of species, and are an easy characteristic to observe.

Reversed trullate, the longer sides meet at the base rather than the apex. Also used to describe compound leaves with finger-like leaflets.

Rounded on one side, but flat on the other. In flowering plants, as well as the blade of the leaf, there may be a petiole and stipules; compound leaves may have a rachis supporting the leaflets. Frequently these types of leaves look like they have been torn or ripped.

Spinescent - (also spinose) with stiff acuminate spines along the blade margin. The edges or margins of leaves can provide clues to the tree’s identity.

Crenulate - margins with small rounded or blunt teeth, diminutive of crenate. Leaves of most plants include a flat structure called the blade or lamina, but not all leaves are flat, some are cylindrical. Involute - with margins rolled inward on the upper surface of the leaf. Plant Morphology. It is distinct from a simple leaf by the presence of two, Even; with a smooth margin; without toothing, Saw-toothed; with asymmetrical teeth pointing forward, With deep, wave-like indentations; coarsely crenate, Indented, with the indentations not reaching the center, folded upwards, with the surfaces close to parallel, forming a hood, margins and tip curved downward, rolled upwards (towards the adaxial surface), folded downwards, with the surfaces close to parallel, rolled downwards (towards the abaxial surface), opposing left and right halves of lamina folded along longitudinal axis, with one half rolled completely within the other, This page was last edited on 6 October 2020, at 16:00. This page is taken from the Northern Ontario Plant Database. The cuts are deeper and more irregular than serrations but more shallow than lobes. American Museum of Natural History Having leaf tissue taper down the petiole to a narrow base, always having some leaf material on each side of the petiole. Erose - with margins appearing gnawed, indentations shallow and irregular. Phone: 212-769-5100. Have children make prints of the leaves they collect. Being divided by clefts, may be pinnately lobed or palmately lobed. Palm-shaped, i.e., with lobes or leaflets stemming from the leaf base. Lobed - (pinnately or palmately) with rounded lobes and rounded sinuses cut ½ to ¼ the distance to the midrib. Entire - a smooth margin with no indentations or incisions. The following examples are all simple leaves. Leaf Shapes, Margins, Apices, and Bases Simple, Angiosperm Leaves . Repand - margins with very shallow indentations, cut less than 1/16 the distance to the midrib. Edge and margin are interchangeable in the sense that they both refer to the outside perimeter of a leaf. Repand - margins with very shallow indentations, cut less than 1/16 the distance to the midrib. Having lobes with incisions that extend almost, or up to midrib. For more terms describing other aspects of leaves besides their overall morphology see the leaf article. Even needle leaves grow in patterns. Pinnatifid - (pinnately divided) with lobes cut pinnately ¾ to almost completely to the midrib.



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