[12] Sometime after Ivar left the Army a great number of Viking warriors arrived from Scandinavia, as part of the Great Summer Army, led by Bagsecg, bolstering the ranks of Halfdan's army. Could these Viking warriors really have been the sons of Ragnar Lothbrok, or were they claiming lineage to the legendary name in order to increase their own status? Halfdan's forces were swelled with the arrival of reinforcements in the form of the Great Summer Army under the command of Bagsecg.

Monasteries were raised to the ground, monks slaughtered and plundering took place on a massive scale. Halfdan campaigned to recover Dublin in 877. The Vikings then installed a puppet-king, Ecgberht, on the Northumbrian throne, who served as a tax collector for them, before moving south to invade Mercia, were they took Nottingham.

Halfdan was the first Viking King of Northumbria and a pretender to the throne of Kingdom of Dublin. Halfdan is seen raiding a small Frankish farm in " Death All 'Round " with Harald and several other warriors.

The Vikings then withdrew to York where they remained for over a year before returning to East Anglia in 869. However it was his father Sweyn (Svein) who was the first Viking king of England…. Viking religious beliefs encouraged cruelty towards the followers of the 'White Christ' who they saw as cowards. [10] The Mercian king, Burghred, responded by allying with the West Saxon King Æthelred, and with a combined force they laid siege to the town. I am a writer with a BA in Creative Writing from Bath Spa University, and a lover of Norse history and mythology. The following year the Great Heathen Army travelled along the old Roman road to Northumbria, at that time the kingdom of Northjumbria was in a state of civil war, and in late in 866 the Viking army captured York. In reality, it is likely that the fearsome Ragnar Lothbrok’s legend was indeed built upon the reputation of the Ragnar who successfully raided Britain, France and Ireland in the ninth century for extravagant quantities of treasure. The Anglo- Saxons could not maintain an army in the field for an indefinite time, and the stand off resulted in King Burgred buying off the Danes who agreed to leave, in the autumn of 868. Of his sons, significantly more evidence exists as to their authenticity – Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan Ragnarsson and Bjorn Ironside are all genuine figures in history. Towards the end of their careers, each man sailed his longships upriver to Jorvik, or York. In 865, the Great Heathen Army landed in Anglia, where they killed Edmund the Martyr in Thetford, before moving northwards and besieging the city of York, where King Aella met his death. The heavily outnumbered Vikings , however, refused to fight. In the furious conflict that ensued, the Danes emerged the victors and Æthelred met his death, whether in battle, or as a result of wounds suffered in battle is unclear. Burghred, king of Mercia appealed for aid from Æthelred of Wessex.

King of Ireland Hvitserk Ragnarsson, 805 - 877 Hvitserk Ragnarsson 805 877. In those ensuing years, Ragnar would supposedly raid the breadth of Ireland, and the north-west coast of England. Perhaps a bit of both. The Anglo-Saxons finally made peace and paid the Vikings to leave. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

[3][4] According to the Norse sagas this invasion was organised by the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok, of whom Halfdan was one, to wreak revenge against Ælla of Northumbria. Halfdan is sometimes referred to as King of Jórvík from 876.
Edmund bravely refused to become the vassal of a heathen or renounce his religion, declaring that his religion was dearer to him than his life, he was beaten with clubs as he called upon the name of Jesus and was then tied to a tree, where the Vikings shot arrows into him until he died, they then beheaded him.

Ælla had supposedly had Ragnar executed in 865 by throwing him in a snake pit, but the historicity of this explanation is unknown. [14] Medieval tradition identifies Edmund as a martyr who refused the Danes' demand to renounce Christ, and was killed for his steadfast Christianity. So the legend goes, Ragnar – the son of King Sigurd Hring – had three wives, the third of whom was Aslaug, who bore him such sons as Ivar the Boneless, Bjorn Ironside and Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, and all three would grow greater in stature and fame than he.

[8] The following year the army moved northwards and invaded Northumbria, which was at that time in the middle of a civil war between Ælla and Osberht, opposing claimants for the Northumbrian throne. [29] The Vikings of Northumbria remained kingless until 883, when Guthfrith was made king there.

When asked about how he wished to die, he decided to be burned alive at a stake of human remains.

Ælla had supposedly had Ragnar executed in 865 by throwing him in a snake pit, but the historicity of this explanation is unknown.
The East Anglians made peace with the invaders and provided them with horses.

When the brothers discovered the hiding family living on the farm, they raped and slaughtered them, then burnt it to the ground. Æthelred and Alfred won a victory at the bitter and bloody pitched Battle of Ashdown, at a spot known to the Saxons as Nachededorne or the naked thorn, where Æthelred spent so long praying before the battle began that Afred grew impatient and commenced fighting before him. It would seem therefore that his death at the hands of Aella in a pit of snakes has its roots in myth rather than history, for it seems probable that Ragnar perished sometime between 852 and 856 during his travels along the Irish Sea. Yet, how much of our history really owes its existence to this legendary Viking king who had such a profound and lasting effect on this country we call England? The Anglo-Saxons were unable to recapture the city, but a truce was agreed whereby the Danes would withdraw to York. On learning of this this Halfdan sailed north along the coast of Ireland but was forced to give battle at Strangford Loch in County Down, where he was defeated and killed. Two references to a particularly eminent Viking raider in 840 AD appear in the generally reliable Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: ‘Ragnall’ and ‘Reginherus’. It is said this infamous Viking warlord raided the coasts of France and England and was duly given land and a monastery by Charles the Bald, before betraying the covenant and sailing up the Seine to besiege Paris. The Vikings then defeated King Alfred at Wilton. In the same way that Ivar the Boneless and Imár of Dublin are considered the same person, Ragnall and Reginherus are believed to be Ragnar Lothbrok. In " The Last Ship ", Halfdan battles the Franks alongside Harald and the rest of their warriors. He died at the Battle of Strangford Lough in 877 trying to press his Irish claim. Because Halfdan is not mentioned in any source that mentions Hvitserk, some scholars have suggested that they are the same individual – a possibility reinforced by the fact that Halfdan was a relatively common name among Vikings and Hvitserk "white shirt" may have been an epithet or nickname that distinguished Halfdan from other men by the same name.[2]. Only four days after this the Danes defeated Æthelred and Alfred outside the gates of Reading. [9], The Danes returned to East Anglia in 869, this time intent on conquest. [22] The Army overwintered at Torksey, and was then reported as being in the Repton district a year later. Having then been paid off with 7,000 livres of silver (an enormous sum at the time, roughly equivalent to two-and-a-half tonnes), Frankish chronicles duly recorded the death of Ragnar and his men in what was described as “an act of divine retribution”. On the death of Olaf the White, king of Dublin, in 871, Halfdan's brother Ivar the Boneless left for Ireland where he made himself King of Dublin. Nearby, in Ingleby, further evidence of the Great Army's presence has been found by archaeologists. It is commonly accepted that St George is the Patron Saint of England. The conquest of East Anglia achieved, Ivar the Boneless left the Great Heathen Army, leaving Halfdan as the main commander. [18] According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Danes battled the West Saxons nine times, including at the Battle of Ashdown on 8 January 871. [28] Those of Halfdan's men who survived the battle returned to Northumbria via Scotland, fighting a battle along the way in which Constantine I, King of the Picts was killed. It is said that when the sons of Ragnar heard news of how their father had met his death, Halfdan, who was playing chess gripped the piece so hard that blood issued from his finger nails.


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